The article analyzes the evolution of basic forms of education in 19th century Russian schools. Alongside the ‘lesson-based’ schooling system, other forms of education should be noted, such as private tutoring, for example. The authors discover the dynamics of the evolution of forms of education in the educational practice in 19th century Russia. The research applies a number of methods, including historical systematical, biographical and some others. Scientific reasons for the decrease of the role of home schooling are given, the phenomena of the expansion of the educational private sector in the grade of private tutoring in the 19th century is being brought out. New elements of distance education, which appear in the original novelties in the interaction with the readers of popularized science journals are being brought into light.

The article presents the model of development of spiritual and moral culture of younger schoolchildren on the basis of the use of interdisciplinary connections. The aggregate of means, methods and grades of education suitable for the development of spiritual and moral culture of the younger schoolchildren, is defined. The binary ties of the subject "Basics of religious culture and secular ethics" with other humanities subjects are stated. Criteria, indicators and levels of development of moral and spiritual culture on the interdisciplinary basis are substantiated. Possible results of younger schoolchildren’s spiritual and moral culture development on the interdisciplinary basis are predicted.

The article is devoted to the problem of increasing the motivation of students to study physics. Stimulation of educational activities, that is, the motivation of students, is of great importance in the development of educational subjects, in particular, physics.In this article, the idea of increasing the motivation of students to study physics through extracurricular activities is proposed. These activities can start at an elementary school and continue futher on. From the concept "extracurricular activities", prescribed in the Federal State Educational Standard, extracurricular activities have acquired an educational function. The author comes to the conclusion that correctly constructed extracurricular activities can bring positive results.

The article discusses the concept of "personality-oriented interaction" and specific features of its implementation in case of minors on probation, who are registerd by the criminal-executive inspections. The article presents the peculiarities of personality-oriented interaction and its influence on the efficiency of correction of legal intolerance and resocialization of the minors registerd by the criminal-executive inspections. The basic directions of perfection of personality-oriented interaction with minors on probation in the framework of the activities of employees of criminal-executive inspections are given.

The ability of a person to pergrade productively different socio-economic roles is determined by the level of his financial literacy development. At a secondary general school by means of mathematics the acquaintance of students with financial phenomena and their interrelations begins. The article presents a system of educational applied financial problems that ensures the development of the skills of the students of the senior profile school to plan their personal budget, optimize the relationship between consumption and saving finance, assess risks when using various financial services and products. The process of constructing a mathematical model within a model solution of the problem is described in the framework of the corresponding mathematical theory.

In this article the authors turn to the current issue of modern general education - the potential of additional education for developing the information competence of students of 10-11 grades. In the course of the study, we analyzed domestic and foreign normative legal documents and official websites reflecting the directions of development and the timely relevance of the issues under study in the context of implementing a number of international ideas. As a result of the conducted research, it was possible to make several conclusions, among which it is worth noting the crucial role and unique potential of modern additional education for children in developing information competence of graduates of general education organizations. Particular attention is paid to digital social and pedagogical socialization of students, which is not currently fully studied by a number of domestic and foreign specialists. An important place in the work is given to the socially educational dominant of the additional education of children and the vectors of its development in the modern discourse.

The article is devoted to the topical problem of modern education - development of creative abilities of younger students at the lessons of technology. The system of education seeks the education of creative, original thinking, ready to continue education and self-education of a personality, starting with elementary school. The solution of this problem is reflected in the innovative processes of modern school, and alternative education programs implemented in primary education. The article lists the features that provide the lessons of paper plastic arts for the development of children’s creative abilities. The conditions and principles of organization of such lessons are described. The authors investigated the changes in the level of development of younger schoolchildren’s creative abilities in the process of paper plastic arts at the lessons of technology at school.

The article considers the problem of a differentiated approach to teaching the grammar of a foreign language at a secondary school. The author carried out a survey of secondary school students in order to reveal their attitude towards the subject "English" and identify the main difficulties they face while learning English. The analysis shows that it is necessary to consider individual and psychological characteristics of students in the educational process. In this regard, the article presents a technology of grammar training and provides a description of the practical implementation of differential approach to teaching.

The article represents the results of studies realizing the idea of professional craft education as one of the possible directions for the development of the system of professional education in Russia. The research detected ontological, axiological and functional features of handicraft and handicraft education as a social grade of organization of life activities and human education. Socio-pedagogical foundations, tendencies and contradictions of the emergence of a new type of vocational education in Russia are revealed. The materials of the article can be useful for practical and scientific workers in the field of vocational education, as well as for teachers and postgraduates interested in the development of the system of training of craft personnel.

This article discusses one of the basic categories of methodology of teaching the Russian language at school - «method of teaching» in the view of scholars of the early twentieth century. This category is considered as part of the historically developed methodical system. As a scientific and historical source of study the textbooks on methodology were chosen. Based on their analysis the principal methods of teaching the Russian language - deductive and inductive were described, the methods were used in the early twentieth century, the conditions for the use of these methods, the possible grades and implementation techniques were determined.

The article is devoted to the use of the key principles of the method of project management in extracurricular activities in physics. The stages of fulfilling the training project are analyzed. Methodical recommendations on the use of this method in the educational process are given. In this article the idea of students’ team work on the project is offered. Special attention is paid to the interdisciplinary nature of most projects. The author concludes that the use of the method of project management would develop students’ skills to plan project activities, to assess their own capabilities, as well as allocate roles in the team and do the introspection of their activities.

The article is devoted to the development of theories of foreign language teaching in general and the specifics of teaching professionally-oriented foreign language in particular. The authors present a brief analysis of the development stages of language teaching, highlight and describe the characteristics of such teaching theories as behaviorism, mentalism and cognitivism, as well as modern teaching methods, which pay special attention to emotional and motivational factors. The authors come to the conclusion that the development of teaching theories led to understanding the necessity of meeting the target needs of the learner that cannot be achieved without the individualization of education, the development of competences of critical thinking and autonomous activities of students, the use of innovative computer technologies which make learning fun and modern.

The question about the need to improve existing teaching methods, taking into account the innovative experience of Chinese educators, based on the implementation of the possibilities of flash technology as a visualization tool in the process of teaching hieroglyphic writing at the initial stage of teaching is raised. The functional capabilities of such technologies are analyzed. The original foreign theoretical experience in the field of teaching the stroke order of Chinese characters using flash animations is analyzed.

The article deals with the content of the legal competence of bachelors of Journalism (B.J. students) and the criteria for selecting the content of disciplines in the field of law. The author analyses curricula and educational programmes of disciplines included in the main educational programms for journalists taught to B.J. students at Russian universities. The research results are compared with the authors’ conclusions on the model programme for journalism education proposed by the UNESCO, and the requirements for legal training of media employees established in professional standards. The authors conclude that legal competence of B.J. students should be developed within the legal module which should include two blocks - a general professional block aimed at the development of general knowledge and skills in the field of law, and a special one related to the peculiarities of the professional field.

The article considers the possibility of broad introduction of modern information technology into educational space of a medical college. Introduction of the new system of distant education in conditions of vocational training in Tajikistan is analyzed. The use of information technology in organizing students’ independent work is considered, as well as the problems, appearing in the process of teaching with the use of test programs. The advantages of using the network Internet as addenda to scholastic materials are emphasized. Besides, restrictions connected with reductions of social interaction are mentioned. It is concluded that in the educating students-future physicians with the use of information technology their mental potential is developed, various skills are formed, as well as conditions for overcoming the complex of drawbacks when information-communication technology is used.

The article is devoted to the actual problem of forming professional competencies of bachelors of pedagogical education in MGOU. The purpose of the article is to create a holistic view of the discipline "Practice on processing of sewing materials and food products" and the methodological system for forming professional competencies of bachelors of teacher education in the process of studying this course. The authors present the main directions of the organization of system continuous work on the discipline "Practice on processing of sewing materials and food products" with the aim of forming the professional competencies of bachelors of pedagogical education. The main idea of developing the structure and content of the course of the discipline "Workshop on processing of sewing materials and food products" is the formation of professional knowledge and skills in the processing of textile materials among bachelors, as well as the formation of basic theoretical knowledge and practical skills in studying the features of food processing technology, technological culture and general cultural level, scientific and practical training of bachelors of pedagogical education.

The article considers the problem of reliance on the modern technology of socio-cultural designing in the process of professional training of future lawyers. The author presents the results of opinion polls of students before and after the pedagogical work on involving students into the development and implementation of various socio-cultural projects, described in the article. The analysis of pedagogical observations of students- project participants’ development is made. The conclusion is given about the specific features of socio-cultural designing, the main motives for future lawyers, the actual topics and problems of social nature.

In the article the author considers the problem of forming primary professional skills of an artist of decorative art at the modern stage of higher education development. The levels of creative abilities development are determined, as well as practical mastering of knowledge and acquiring practical skills. The author reveals the specifics of using the resources of art workshops, as well as the technique of Zhostovo painting in professional skills development of future artists of decorative and applied art on the basis of the Faculty of Fine Arts and Folk Crafts of Moscow Region State University. Students study the basics of the artistic hand-painted craft on the example of the Zhostovo painting, practicing techniques with the help of exercises for the sequential development of primary skills.

This article covers the issue of fossilization of language structures acquired by foreign language learners. For many years, fossilization has been in the center of foreign language acquisition research, yet the scholars approach it in quite a controversial manner as empirical studies conducted in this respect have not brought any final conclusions regarding the nature of fossilization. Our longitudinal experiment was aimed at proving its existence among those who are already fluent in English and also at distinguishing which particular language structures are subject to fossilization. The analysis of the collected material gave us an opportunity to draw certain conclusions on fossilization and its characteristics.