Formation of University Students’ General Professional Competencies Using Electronic Laboratory Workshop in Physics

Relevance. The rapid development of information technologies has determined the importance of the process of digitalisation of the education system in the Russian Federation. Digitalisation has introduced innovative capabilities into the educational process of studying physics, facilitating visualisation of the natural phenomena under study, as well as enabling exploration in terms of solving experimental problems. The acquired skills contribute to the development of the students' personal qualities for their future professional activity and, as a consequence, form competences in them. The use of electronic laboratory work shop in physics classes promotes the development of experimental skills for the investigation of natural science laws in thecourse of physics, which form university students’ general professional competences.

Aim. To develop an educational methodology of including the electronic laboratory workshop into the educational process on Physics in order to form general professional competencies.

Methodology. The possibilities of using electronic laboratory facilities to conduct experimental research in physics by university students were analyzed. A technological model was developed for theoretical, practical and experimental parts of the laboratory workshop. Based on this model, the instruction for the design of an electronic laboratory workshop in the form of a technological map is described. An example of the electronic laboratory use to study energies discreteness of mercury atoms is presented by means of Frank and Hertz experiments in the section of quantum physics.

Scientific novelty / theoretical and/or practical significance. The scientific novelty of our research lies in the fact that the methodology of teaching physics based on the application of electronic laboratory practice in the educational process is developed. The correspondence between knowledge, skills, and mastery components of competences and educational activity tasks, which ensure successful implementation of learning, is revealed. Practical significance of the research lies in giving an example of using the electronic laboratory workshop from atomic physics, which forms the students’ general professional competence.

Results. Statistical processing of the pedagogical experiment data was carried out by means of 𝛘2 Pearson criterion. It allowed us to evaluate the efficiency of the electronic laboratory workshop for the students of the Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky. It was found that the students studying the course of physics with the use of electronic laboratory units successfully mastered the system of knowledge, practical skills and ways of experimental activities, forming general professional competencies.

Conclusion. The electronic laboratory workshop contributes to the formation of university students’ professional competencies.

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