Modeling the process of adaptation of first-year students to the study of chemistry

Aim. The purpose of the study is to develop a model of the system of adaptation of students to study at a university (using the example of the discipline “Chemistry”), based on the results of a sociological survey of students of Omsk State Technical University using the methodology of functionally oriented modeling.
Methodology and methods. In the course of the research, theoretical methods were used – analysis of sources on the subject of the project, elements of mathematical and statistical processing of experimental data, as well as empirical methods – conducting a sociological survey and expert assessment. To develop a model of the system of adaptation of students to study at a university (using the example of the discipline “Chemistry”), the methodology of functionally oriented modeling was used.
Results. The problems associated with the development of a university chemistry course by students and their connection with the peculiarities of preparing for the Unified State Exam are revealed based on the analysis of the results of a sociological survey in which 172 respondents took part. Taking into account the data of empirical research and the opinion of experts, a thematic plan for an introductory chemistry course for university students has been developed. A model of the system of adaptation of students to study at a university (using the example of the discipline "Chemistry") by means of functional modeling is constructed.
Theoretical and/or practical significance. The theoretical significance of the research consists in the development of a system of adaptation of students to study at a university (on the example of the discipline “Chemistry”) based on the results of a sociological survey and expert assessment. The research problem is caused by the objective need to resolve the contradiction between the requirements of the university chemistry course and the low level of training of the majority of OmSTU students studying this discipline. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the application of the methodology of functionally oriented modeling in the development of a model for students' adaptation to higher education in the discipline of Chemistry. The practical significance of the study is determined by the possibility of replicating the developed model, which includes an introductory university chemistry course to eliminate knowledge gaps among students with unsatisfactory results, which are revealed during the initial diagnosis, taking into account the thematic planning proposed by the authors in the training of highly qualified personnel.
Conclusions. The experience of implementing the proposed model for two years at OmSTU allows us to conclude about its effectiveness and can be used to solve similar problems in other universities of the Russian Federation not only in teaching chemistry, but also in other disciplines such as, for example, physics or computer science.

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